Journal article
The relationship between player losses and gambling-related harm: evidence from nationally representative cross-sectional surveys in four countries
Addiction, Vol.111(2), pp.320-330
2016
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Abstract
<p><strong>Background and Aims</strong>: Flaws in previous studies mean that findings of J-shaped risk curves for gambling should be disregarded. The current study aims to estimate the shape of risk curves for gambling losses and risk of gambling-related harm (a) for total gambling losses and (b) disaggregated by gambling activity.<br /><strong>Design</strong>: Four cross-sectional surveys. Setting: Nationally representative surveys of adults in Australia (1999), Canada (2000), Finland (2011) and Norway (2002).<br /><strong>Participants</strong>: A total of 10 632 Australian adults, 3120 Canadian adults, 4484 people aged 15–74 years in Finland and 5235 people aged 15–74 years in Norway. <br /><strong>Measurements</strong>: Problem gambling risk was measured using the modified South Oaks Gambling Screen, the NORC DSM Screen for Gambling Problems and the Problem Gambling Severity Index. <br /><strong>Findings</strong>: Risk curves for total gambling losses were estimated to be r-shaped in Australia {β losses = 4.7 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.8, 6.5], β losses2 = –7.6 (95% CI = –17.5, –4.5)}, Canada [β losses = 2.0 (95% CI = 1.3, 3.9), β losses2 = –3.9 (95% CI = –15.4, –2.2)] and Finland [β losses = 3.6 (95% CI = 2.5, 7.5), β losses2 = –4.4 (95% CI = –34.9, –2.4)] and linear in Norway [β losses = 1.6 (95% CI = 0.6, 3.1), β losses2 = –2.6 (95% CI = –12.6, 1.4)]. Risk curves for different gambling activities showed either linear, r-shaped or non-significant relationships. <br /><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Player loss–risk curves for total gambling losses and for different gambling activities are likely to be linear or r-shaped. For total losses and electronic gaming machines, there is no evidence of a threshold below which increasing losses does not increase the risk of harm.</p>
Details
- Title
- The relationship between player losses and gambling-related harm: evidence from nationally representative cross-sectional surveys in four countries
- Creators
- Francis Markham - Australian National UniversityMartin Young - Southern Cross UniversityBruce Doran - Australian National University
- Publication Details
- Addiction, Vol.111(2), pp.320-330
- Identifiers
- 1533; 991012821915902368
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Business, Law and Arts; School of Business and Tourism
- Resource Type
- Journal article