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The coastal protection and blue carbon benefits of hybrid mangrove living shorelines
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

The coastal protection and blue carbon benefits of hybrid mangrove living shorelines

Rebecca L Morris, Benedikt Fest, Debra Stokes, Charlotte Jenkins and Stephen E Swearer
Journal of environmental management, Vol.331, 117310
01/04/2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117310
PMID: 36682277
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Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC V4.0,  Open Access
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Abstract

Avicennia marina Nature-based coastal defence Bank erosion Chronosequence Estuary Ecological engineering Geomorphology and earth surface processes Soil chemistry and soil carbon sequestration (excl. carbon sequestration science) Assessment and management of coastal and estuarine ecosystems Coastal erosion
Hybrid living shorelines use a combination of engineered structures with natural ecosystems to achieve coastal protection and habitat restoration outcomes, with added co-benefits such as carbon sequestration. Rock fillets constructed along eroding estuarine banks are designed to accumulate sediment, establish mangroves, and stabilise the shoreline. There is, however, a lack of data to support whether rock fillets are achieving these goals. We used a chronosequence of rock fillets to determine their effect on mangrove development, bank stabilisation and carbon sequestration in four estuaries in New South Wales, Australia. Aboveground biomass and adult density increased with age of rock fillets, and mangrove structure was similar to a natural fringing mangrove after 15 years. The rock fillets accumulated sediment, which reduced the eroded estuary bank height, however, little effect of the fillets on bank slope was observed. Sediment carbon stocks were not different between rock fillets, eroding estuary banks and natural fringing mangroves. Rock fillet design had a significant effect on mangrove structure and coastal protection function, with greater wave transmission through lower rock fillets, suggesting design optimisation is needed. As the construction cost of the rock fillets was equal or less than traditional rock revetments, where suitable they present a more economic and environmentally sustainable solution to estuarine erosion management.

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