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Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC V4.0, Open
Journal article
The North American Greenhouse Gas Budget: Emissions, Removals, and Integration for CO2, CH4, and N2O (2010-2019): Results From the Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Study (RECCAP2)
Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol.39(4), pp.1-31
05/04/2025
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Abstract
Accurate accounting of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions and removals is central to tracking progress toward climate mitigation and for monitoring potential climate-change feedbacks. GHG budgeting and reporting can follow either the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change methodologies for National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGHGI) reporting or use atmospheric-based "top-down" (TD) inversions or process-based "bottom-up" (BU) approaches. To help understand and reconcile these approaches, the Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes study (RECCAP2) was established to quantify GHG emissions and removals for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), for ten-land and five-ocean regions for 2010-2019. Here, we present the results for the North American land region (Canada, the United States, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean). For 2010-2019, the NGHGI reported total net-GHG emissions of 7,270 TgCO(2)-eq yr(-1) compared to TD estimates of 6,132 +/- 1,846 TgCO(2)-eq yr(-1) and BU estimates of 9,060 +/- 898 TgCO(2)-eq yr(-1). Reconciling differences between the NGHGI, TD and BU approaches depended on (a) accounting for lateral fluxes of CO2 along the land-ocean-aquatic continuum (LOAC) and trade, (b) correcting land-use CO2 emissions for the loss-of-additional-sink capacity (LASC), (c) avoiding double counting of inland water CH4 emissions, and (d) adjusting area estimates to match the NGHGI definition of the managed-land proxy. Uncertainties remain from inland-water CO2 evasion, the conversion of nitrogen fertilizers to N2O, and from less-frequent NGHGI reporting from non-Annex-1 countries. The RECCAP2 framework plays a key role in reconciling independent GHG-reporting methodologies to support policy commitments while providing insights into biogeochemical processes and responses to climate change.
Details
- Title
- The North American Greenhouse Gas Budget: Emissions, Removals, and Integration for CO2, CH4, and N2O (2010-2019): Results From the Second REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes Study (RECCAP2)
- Creators
- Benjamin Poulter - Biospheric Sciences LabGuillermo Murray-Tortarolo - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoDaniel J. Hayes - University of MainePhilippe Ciais - Université Paris-SaclayRobbie M. Andrew - BSLAna Bastos - LUBrendan Byrne - Jet Propulsion LaboratoryDavid Butman - University of WashingtonJosep G. Canadell - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationAbhishek Chatterjee - Jet Propulsion LaboratoryGrant Domke - USDA Forest ServiceAndrew Feldman - Biospheric Sciences LabKelsey Foster - Carnegie Institution for ScienceNeha Hunka - University of Maryland, College ParkRobert B. Jackson - Stanford UniversityWerner A. Kurz - Canadian Forest Service (Canada, Victoria)Ayia Lindquist - Biospheric Sciences LabMaodian Liu - Yale UniversityIngrid Luijkx - Wageningen University & ResearchArnaud Mialon - UOTAnna M. Michalak - Carnegie Institution for ScienceJohn Miller - NOAA, Global Monitoring Lab, Boulder, CO USAWolfgang A. Obermeier - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenNaiqin Pan - Boston CollegeJames T. Randerson - University of California, IrvinePeter A. Raymond - Yale UniversityPierre Regnier - Université Libre de BruxellesLaure Resplandy - Princeton UniversityGerard Rocher-Ros - Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesNemesio Rodriquez-Fernandez - UOTJudith Rosentreter - Southern Cross UniversityJulio Cesar Salazar-Neira - University of ToulouseSuzanne E. Tank - University of AlbertaHanqin Tian - Boston CollegeRodrigo Vargas - University of DelawareYohanna Villalobos - Lund UniversityJonathan A. Wang - University of UtahXinyuan Wei - University of MaineKimberly P. Wickland - United States Geological SurveyChristopher Williams - Clark UniversityLisamarie Windham-Myers - United States Geological SurveyChristopher Woodall - Northern Research StationQing Ying - Biospheric Sciences LabZhen Zhang - Biospheric Sciences Lab
- Publication Details
- Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol.39(4), pp.1-31
- Publisher
- Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
- Number of pages
- 31
- Grant note
- Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Identifiers
- 991013276709902368
- Copyright
- © 2025 The Author(s).
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article