Snap! Recognising implicit actions in static point-light displays

Johansson (1973 Perception & Psychophysics 14 201 ^ 211) suggested that point-light displays that are staticöso-called `snapshots'öcontain little or no information about the actor or their action. Here we present data that suggest even naive observers can perceive such infor- mation from static point-light arrays. Observers were able, at rates better than chance, to discriminate the directions of facing of sagittally viewed static point-light walkers. The data show also that, without feedback, performances improved with experience. Our data have implications for assumptions made in designing experiments with point-light displays and for models of the neural mechanisms mediating biological motion perceptions.