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Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open
Journal article
Sex differences in eyewitness memory: A scoping review
Psychonomic bulletin & review, Vol.31, pp.985-999
06/2024
PMID: 37904006
Appears in Recent Faculty of Health Publications
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Abstract
Researchers in cognitive and forensic psychology have long been interested in the impact of individual differences on eyewitness memory. The sex of the eyewitness is one such factor, with a body of research spanning over 50 years that has sought to determine if and how eyewitness memory differs between males and females. This research has significant implications across the criminal justice system, particularly in the context of gendered issues such as sexual assault. However, the findings have been inconsistent, and there is still a lack of consensus across the literature. A scoping review and analysis of the literature was performed to examine the available evidence regarding whether sex differences in eyewitness memory exist, what explanations have been proposed for any differences found, and how this research has been conducted. Through a strategic search of seven databases, 22 relevant articles were found and reviewed. Results demonstrated that despite the mixed nature of the methodologies and findings, the research suggests that neither males nor females have superior performance in the total amount of accurate information reported, but rather that females may have better memory for person-related details while males may perform better for details related to the surrounding environment. There was also consistent evidence for the own-gender bias. There was some consensus that differences in selective attention between males and females may underlie these sex differences in eyewitness memory. However, none of the studies directly tested this suggested attentional factor, and thus future research is needed to investigate this using a more systematic and empirical approach.
Details
- Title
- Sex differences in eyewitness memory: A scoping review
- Creators
- Emma M. Russell - Southern Cross UniversityMitchell G. Longstaff - Southern Cross UniversityHeather Winskel - James Cook University Singapore
- Publication Details
- Psychonomic bulletin & review, Vol.31, pp.985-999
- Publisher
- Springer New York LLC
- Identifiers
- 991013145713502368
- Copyright
- © The Author(s) 2023. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions.
- Academic Unit
- Human Sciences; Faculty of Health
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article