Journal article
Prevalence and risk factors for suicidal intent in pregnancy and after birth
BJPsych International, Vol.First online, pp.1-10
03/08/2026
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Abstract
Background: Suicide is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in high-income countries. Suicide prevention policy calls for maternity care providers to actively explore potential risk factors and self-reported suicidal intent with perinatal women. However, longitudinal research establishing the prevalence of suicidal intent and associated risk factors with representative cohorts of perinatal women in the UK is lacking.
Aims: This secondary analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal intent in pregnancy and postpartum, and examine factors associated with suicidal intent.
Method: A total of 2210 women completed self-report assessments in early, mid- and late pregnancy and early postpartum. Suicidal intent was measured with the item ‘I have made plans to end my life’ (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation-10). Other variables included anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7, Stirling Antenatal Anxiety Scale), depression (Whooley Questions), health status (EuroQoL EQ-5D-5L), mental health history, and sociodemographic and pregnancy variables.
Results: Suicidal intent was indicated by 72 participants (3.26%, 95% CI 2.56–4.09) on at least one occasion. Suicidal intent was significantly associated with having negative feelings about pregnancy (odds ratio 3.63, 95% CI 1.99–6.63), unplanned pregnancy (odds ratio 2.03, 95% CI 1.25–3.30), previous and current mental health problems (odds ratio 3.70 95% CI 2.19–6.25), symptoms causing daily difficulties (odds ratio 5.94 95% CI 3.32–10.66) and being of Asian (odds ratio 2.62, 95% CI 1.44–4.77) or mixed ethnicity (odds ratio 3.43, 95% CI 1.49–7.93). Poor physical health in early pregnancy was also associated with suicidal intent (t = 6.37, d.f. = 2108, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that daily difficulties associated with mental health, and negative feelings about pregnancy are important and underexplored risk factors for experiencing suicidal intent. The findings also corroborate previous research indicating that previous and existing mental health problems and ethnicity are significant risk factors.
Details
- Title
- Prevalence and risk factors for suicidal intent in pregnancy and after birth
- Creators
- Rose Meades - City St George's, University of LondonElizabeth Dudeney - City St George's, University of LondonAndrea Sinesi - University of StirlingHelen Cheyne - University of StirlingMargaret Maxwell - University of StirlingCatherine Best - University of StirlingStacey McNicol - University of StirlingJudy ShakespeareJames Walker - St James's University HospitalFiona Alderdice - University of OxfordJulie Jomeen - Southern Cross UniversityLouise R. Williams - City St George's, University of LondonSusan Ayers - City St George's, University of LondonMAP Study Team
- Publication Details
- BJPsych International, Vol.First online, pp.1-10
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press; CAMBRIDGE
- Number of pages
- 10
- Grant note
- This work was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Health Services & Delivery Research Programme (NIHR 17/105/16).
- Identifiers
- 991013392545602368
- Copyright
- © The Author(s), 2026.
- Academic Unit
- Office of Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic)
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article