Potential anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts

Watcharapong Mitsuwan; Chea Sin; Samell Keo; Suthinee Sangkanu; Maria de Lourdes Pereira; Tajudeen O Jimoh; Cristina C Salibay; Muhammad Nawaz; Roghayeh Norouzi; Abolghasem Siyadatpanah; Christophe Wiart; Polrat Wilairatana; Polydor Ngoy Mutombo; Veeranoot Nissapatorn

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06976

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Potential anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts

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Potential anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts

Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Chea Sin, Samell Keo, Suthinee Sangkanu, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Tajudeen O Jimoh, Cristina C Salibay, Muhammad Nawaz, Roghayeh Norouzi, Abolghasem Siyadatpanah, …

Heliyon, Vol.7(5), pp.1-11

01/05/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06976

PMID: 34027178

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Abstract

Acanthamoeba triangularis

Adhesion

Annona muricata

Combretum trifoliatum

Synergistic effects

Plants with medicinal properties have been used in the treatment of several infectious diseases, including Acanthamoeba infections. The medicinal properties of Cambodian plant extracts; Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum were investigated against Acanthamoeba triangularis. A total of 39 plant extracts were evaluated and, as a result, 22 extracts showed positive anti-Acanthamoeba activity. Of the 22 extracts, 9 and 4 extracts showed anti-Acanthamoeba activity against trophozoites and cysts of A. triangularis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration of A. muricata and C. trifoliatum extracts against trophozoites and cysts was 500 and 1,000 μg/mL, respectively. The combination of A. muricata at 1/4×MIC with chlorhexidine at 1/8×MIC demonstrated a synergistic effect against trophozoites, but partial synergy against cysts. A 40% reduction in trophozoites and 60% of cysts adhered to the plastic surface treated with both extracts at 1/2×MIC were noted comparing to the control (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a reduction of 80% and 90% of trophozoites adhered to the surface was observed after pre-treatment with A. muricata and C. trifoliatum extracts, respectively. A 90% of cysts adhered to the surface was decreased with pre-treatment of A. muricata at 1/2×MIC (P < 0.05). A 75% of trophozoites and cysts from Acanthamoeba adhered to the surface were removed after treatment with both extracts at 4×MIC (P < 0.05). In the model of contact lens, 1 log cells/mL of trophozoites and cysts was significantly decreased post-treatment with both extracts compared to the control. Trophozoites showed strong loss of acanthopodia and thorn-like projection pseudopodia, while cysts demonstrated retraction and folded appearance treated with both extracts when observed by SEM, which suggests the potential benefits of the medicinal plants A. muricata and C. trifoliatum as an option treatment against Acanthamoeba infections.

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Title: Potential anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts
Creators: Watcharapong Mitsuwan - Walailak University
Chea Sin - University of Puthisastra
Samell Keo - Academic Center for Education and Training (ACET), Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Suthinee Sangkanu - Walailak University
Maria de Lourdes Pereira - University of Aveiro
Tajudeen O Jimoh - Chulalongkorn University
Cristina C Salibay - De La Salle University – Dasmariñas
Muhammad Nawaz - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Roghayeh Norouzi - University of Tabriz
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah - Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Christophe Wiart - University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
Polrat Wilairatana - Mahidol University
Polydor Ngoy Mutombo - Independent Consultant, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Veeranoot Nissapatorn - Walailak University
Publication Details: Heliyon, Vol.7(5), pp.1-11
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Identifiers: 991013036325202368
Academic Unit: National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Potential anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-adhesion activities of Annona muricata and Combretum trifoliatum extracts and their synergistic effects in combination with chlorhexidine against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoites and cysts

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