Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

Sarah N. Croft; Erin J. Walker; Reena Ghildyal

doi:10.1128/mBio.01009-17

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Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

Sarah N. Croft, Erin J. Walker and Reena Ghildyal

mBio, Vol.8(5)

19/09/2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01009-17

PMCID: PMC5605936

PMID: 28928208

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Abstract

Life Sciences & Biomedicine

Microbiology

Science & Technology

apoptosis

innate immunity

picornavirus

proteases

virus-host interactions

Infected cells can undergo apoptosis as a protective response to viral infection, thereby limiting viral infection. As viruses require a viable cell for replication, the death of the cell limits cellular functions that are required for virus replication and propagation. Picornaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that modify the host cell apoptotic response, probably in order to promote viral replication, largely as a function of the viral proteases 2A, 3C, and 3CD. These proteases are essential for viral polyprotein processing and also cleave cellular proteins. Picornavirus proteases cleave proapoptotic adaptor proteins, resulting in downregulation of apoptosis. Picornavirus proteases also cleave nucleoporins, disrupting the orchestrated manner in which signalling pathways use active nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, including those involved in apoptosis. In addition to viral proteases, the transmembrane 2B protein alters intracellular ion signalling, which may also modulate apoptosis. Overall, picornaviruses, via the action of virally encoded proteins, exercise intricate control over and subvert cell death pathways, specifically apoptosis, thereby allowing viral replication to continue.

Details

Title: Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death
Creators: Sarah N. Croft - Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
Erin J. Walker - Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
Reena Ghildyal - Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute
Publication Details: mBio, Vol.8(5)
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Number of pages: 13
Identifiers: 991013035751702368
Academic Unit: National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Picornaviruses and Apoptosis: Subversion of Cell Death

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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