Patterns of discretionary food intake among Australian children and their association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and adiposity measures

Flavia Fayet-Moore; Andrew McConnell; Kate Tuck; Peter Petocz; Tim Cassettari; Hania Rahimi-Ardabili; Michelle Blumfield; Skye Marshall

doi:10.1111/1747-0080.12741

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Patterns of discretionary food intake among Australian children and their association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and adiposity measures

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Patterns of discretionary food intake among Australian children and their association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and adiposity measures

Flavia Fayet-Moore, Andrew McConnell, Kate Tuck, Peter Petocz, Tim Cassettari, Hania Rahimi-Ardabili, Michelle Blumfield and Skye Marshall

Nutrition & dietetics, Vol.79(5), pp.623-635

11/2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1747-0080.12741

PMID: 35708110

Appears in Recent Faculty of Health Publications

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Abstract

adolescent

children

diet

nutrient intake

population health

Aim Australian children consume 35% of energy from discretionary food and beverages which increases their risk of non-communicable diseases like type 2 diabetes. Despite this concerning statistic, broad analysis of the profile of discretionary food intake has not been fully undertaken. This study asks: what is the discretionary food and beverage intake profile, contribution to nutrient intakes, and associations with demographic and health characteristics? Methods Cross-sectional data from the 2011–12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (n = 2812, 2–18 years) were used to profile discretionary food consumption. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-h recall. General linear models tested the difference in respondent characteristics by age group, sex, and quartiles of discretionary food energy contribution. Results Ninety-nine percent of respondents consumed discretionary foods, 74% exceeded the maximum discretionary food recommended serves. Among 10 eating occasions available to select: snack, dinner, lunch and morning tea appeared to contribute 76% of discretionary food energy, with snack and dinner contributing 24% each. Age and frequency of discretionary food consumption were positively associated with energy intake from discretionary foods (p < 0.001); while sex, socio-economic status, physical activity and body composition had no association. High discretionary food consumers chose specific discretionary food items in a large quantity (1.0–3.5-serves/discretionary food) compared to low discretionary food consumers (0.4–1.4-serves/discretionary food). Conclusions Nearly all Australian children and adolescents consumed discretionary food daily. No demographic or anthropometric characteristics beyond increasing age were associated with higher discretionary food. Targeted public health policy and community interventions are required to focus on addressing the largest contributors to discretionary food intake in terms of equivalent serve sizes, popularity, and eating occasion.

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Title: Patterns of discretionary food intake among Australian children and their association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and adiposity measures
Creators: Flavia Fayet-Moore - Nutrition Research Australia
Andrew McConnell - Nutrition Research Australia
Kate Tuck - Nutrition Research Australia
Peter Petocz - Nutrition Research Australia
Tim Cassettari - Nutrition Research Australia
Hania Rahimi-Ardabili - Nutrition Research Australia
Michelle Blumfield - Nutrition Research Australia
Skye Marshall - Bond University
Publication Details: Nutrition & dietetics, Vol.79(5), pp.623-635
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
Grant note: Nestlé Australia Ltd. Open access publishing facilitated by Bond University, as part of the Wiley - Bond University agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians.
Identifiers: 991013119911802368
Copyright: © 2022 Nutrition Research Australia Pty Ltd. Nutrition & Dietetics published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Dietitians Australia. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Academic Unit: Faculty of Health
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Patterns of discretionary food intake among Australian children and their association with socio-demographic, lifestyle, and adiposity measures

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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