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Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open
Journal article
Knowledge Gaps in the Understanding of Antimicrobial Resistance in Canada
Frontiers in Public Health, Vol.9, pp.1-14
20/10/2021
PMCID: PMC8582488
PMID: 34778169
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Abstract
Current limitations in the understanding and control of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Canada are described through a comprehensive review focusing on: (1) treatment optimization; (2) surveillance of antimicrobial use and AMR; and (3) prevention of transmission of AMR. Without addressing gaps in identified areas, sustained progress in AMR mitigation is unlikely. Expert opinions and perspectives contributed to prioritizing identified gaps. Using Canada as an example, this review emphasizes the importance and necessity of a One Health approach for understanding and mitigating AMR. Specifically, antimicrobial use in human, animal, crop, and environmental sectors cannot be regarded as independent; therefore, a One Health approach is needed in AMR research and understanding, current surveillance efforts, and policy. Discussions regarding addressing described knowledge gaps are separated into four categories: (1) further research; (2) increased capacity/resources; (3) increased prescriber/end-user knowledge; and (4) policy development/enforcement. This review highlights the research and increased capacity and resources to generate new knowledge and implement recommendations needed to address all identified gaps, including economic, social, and environmental considerations. More prescriber/end-user knowledge and policy development/enforcement are needed, but must be informed by realistic recommendations, with input from all relevant stakeholders. For most knowledge gaps, important next steps are uncertain. In conclusion, identified knowledge gaps underlined the need for AMR policy decisions to be considered in a One Health framework, while highlighting critical needs to achieve realistic and meaningful progress.
Details
- Title
- Knowledge Gaps in the Understanding of Antimicrobial Resistance in Canada
- Creators
- Kayley D McCubbin - University of CalgaryR. Michele Anholt - University of CalgaryEllen de Jong - University of CalgaryJennifer A Ida - University of CalgaryDiego B Nóbrega - University of CalgaryJohn P Kastelic - University of CalgaryJohn M Conly - One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, CanadaMatthias Götte - University of AlbertaTim A McAllister - Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaKarin Orsel - University of CalgaryIan Lewis - University of CalgaryLeland Jackson - University of CalgaryGraham Plastow - University of AlbertaHans-Joachim Wieden - University of LethbridgeKathy McCoy - University of CalgaryMyles Leslie - One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, CanadaJoan L Robinson - University of AlbertaLorian Hardcastle - One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, CanadaAidan Hollis - University of CalgaryNicholas J Ashbolt - Southern Cross UniversitySylvia Checkley - One Health at UCalgary, University of Calgary, CanadaGregory J Tyrrell - Alberta Health ServicesAndré G Buret - University of CalgaryElissa Rennert-May - University of Calgary in QatarEllen Goddard - University of AlbertaSimon J. G Otto - University of AlbertaHerman W Barkema - Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in Public Health, Vol.9, pp.1-14
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Grant note
- This research was part of the Antimicrobial Resistance–One Health Consortium, which is predominantly financed by the Ministry of Jobs, Economy and Innovation, Alberta, Canada. KDMcC was supported by Canadian Dairy Commission Workplace Development Initiative Scholarship, NSERC CREATE in Milk Quality Program Scholarship and the NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarship.
- Identifiers
- 991012978061202368
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2021 McCubbin, Anholt, de Jong, Ida, Nóbrega, Kastelic, Conly, Götte, McAllister, Orsel, Lewis, Jackson, Plastow, Wieden, McCoy, Leslie, Robinson, Hardcastle, Hollis, Ashbolt, Checkley, Tyrrell, Buret, Rennert-May, Goddard, Otto and Barkema. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; School of Environment, Science and Engineering; Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article