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Influence of Non-lethal Doses of Natural Insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin onHelicoverpa punctigera(Native Budworm, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory Conditions
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Influence of Non-lethal Doses of Natural Insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin onHelicoverpa punctigera(Native Budworm, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory Conditions

Anja Betz and Nigel R. Andrew
Frontiers in physiology, Vol.11
28/08/2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01089
PMID: 32982799
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Influence of Non-lethal Doses of Natural Insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin on Helicoverpa punctigera (Native Budworm, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory Conditions1.19 MBDownloadView
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0,  Open Access
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Influence of Non-lethal Doses of Natural Insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin on Helicoverpa punctigera (Native Budworm, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Under Laboratory ConditionsView
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0,  Open

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Abstract

Life Sciences & Biomedicine Physiology Science & Technology Helicoverpa punctigera Spinetoram Azadirachtin natural insecticides thermolimit respirometry
Helicoverpa punctigera(native budworm) is an important pest species in crops across Australia. From the third instar onward, this species causes severe damage to crop plants: therefore, caterpillars need to be managed at an early stage of their development. In our experiment, we raisedH. punctigeraon an artificial diet, which included different concentrations of the natural insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin. The survival of the larvae, growth and body mass gain was recorded over 17 days. Only caterpillars raised on lowest toxin concentrations survived and molted successfully to the fifth instar, but had slower growth and body mass gain compared to the insecticide-free control group. Caterpillars fed on higher toxin concentrations never molted to the next instar or died in the first few days. To test how the toxins influence physiological conditions including metabolic rate and water loss, surviving fifth instar larvae were exposed to thermolimit respirometry: starting at 25 degrees C following a constant increasing temperature ramping rate of 0.25 degrees C-1, until reaching the critical thermal maxima (CTmax). Caterpillars raised on a non-lethal dose of insecticides had higher metabolic rates and lost more water compared to the control group. Insects that have seem to consume more energy per mg tissue and have a higher water loss at high temperatures. Non-lethal concentrations of insecticides on pest insects physiology may reduce their impact on crops and may enable more targetted insecticide application.

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