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How teachers develop dynamic capabilities during crises
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

How teachers develop dynamic capabilities during crises

Lee-Ann Ewing and Holly B. Cooper
Teachers and teaching, theory and practice, Vol.First online, pp.1-20
15/07/2026
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Published (Version of record) Open CC BY V4.0

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Abstract

Emergency remote teaching school closures COVID-19 dynamic capabilities reconfigured resources curriculum change
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Melbourne, Australia's second largest city, experienced 262 days of lockdowns, school closures and compulsory remote teaching. This study examines the first 154 days of school closures, and the capabilities teachers developed in response to these unprecedented challenges. Three rounds of interviews were conducted with the same ten teachers during school terms two, three and four. Specifically, immediately after the first (43-day) lockdown, early into the second (111-day) lockdown, and after the second lockdown. The data were analysed thematically, following a reflexive process involving multiple levels of analysis. During the first lockdown, teachers responded with immediate agility, reconfiguring delivery, curriculum sequence and assessment. Between lockdowns, reflection enabled them to learn from these initial changes, refine practice, and develop more deliberate capabilities for sensing, shaping and seizing emerging challenges and opportunities. By the second lockdown, these capabilities evidenced in more formalised and differentiated approaches to online teaching, indicating that teacher dynamic capabilities developed both during and between lockdowns in response to a highly fluid crisis.

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