Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem

David Reilly; David L Neumann; Glenda Andrews

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812483

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Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem

Journal article

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Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem

David Reilly, David L Neumann and Glenda Andrews

Frontiers in psychology, Vol.13, 812483

07/02/2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812483

PMID: 35197904

Appears in Recent Faculty of Health Publications

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Abstract

Psychology

Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Social Sciences

gender

self-estimated intelligence

self-esteem

personality

gender-roles

education

sex-roles

human intelligence

Gender psychology

Educational psychology

Despite evidence from cognitive psychology that men and women are equal in measured intelligence, gender differences in self-estimated intelligence (SEI) are widely reported with males providing systematically higher estimates than females. This has been termed the male hubris, female humility effect. The present study explored personality factors that might explain this. Participants (N = 228; 103 male, 125 female) provided self-estimates of their general IQ and for Gardner's multiple intelligences, before completing the Cattell Culture Fair IQ test as an objective measure of intelligence. They also completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) as a measure of sex-role identification, and measures of general and academic self-esteem. Both gender and sex-role differences were observed for SEI, with males and participants of both genders who scored high in masculinity offering higher self-estimates. By comparing estimated and observed IQ, we were able to rule out gender differences in overall accuracy but observed a pattern of systematic underestimation in females. An hierarchical multiple regression showed significant independent effects of gender, masculinity, and self-esteem. Mixed evidence was observed for gender differences in the estimation of multiple intelligences, though moderately sized sex-role differences were observed. The results offer a far more nuanced explanation for the male hubris, female humility effect that includes the contribution of sex role identification to individual and group differences.

Details

Title: Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem
Creators: David Reilly (Author) - Griffith University
David L Neumann (Author) - Griffith Univ, Sch Appl Psychol, Southport, Qld, Australia
Glenda Andrews (Author) - Griffith Univ, Sch Appl Psychol, Southport, Qld, Australia
Publication Details: Frontiers in psychology, Vol.13, 812483
Publisher: Frontiers Media Sa
Identifiers: 991013086113602368
Academic Unit: Faculty of Health
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Gender Differences in Self-Estimated Intelligence: Exploring the Male Hubris, Female Humility Problem

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Abstract

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