From incomer to insider: The development of the TRANSPEC model - A systematic review of the factors influencing the effective rapid and early career TRANsition to a nursing SPECiality in differing contexts of practice

Desley Hegney; Diane Chamberlain; Clare Harvey; Agnieszka Sobolewska; Bruce Knight; Anne Garrahy

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216121

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From incomer to insider: The development of the TRANSPEC model - A systematic review of the factors influencing the effective rapid and early career TRANsition to a nursing SPECiality in differing contexts of practice

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From incomer to insider: The development of the TRANSPEC model - A systematic review of the factors influencing the effective rapid and early career TRANsition to a nursing SPECiality in differing contexts of practice

Desley Hegney, Diane Chamberlain, Clare Harvey, Agnieszka Sobolewska, Bruce Knight and Anne Garrahy

PloS one, Vol.14(5), e0216121

01/05/2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216121

PMCID: PMC6494050

PMID: 31042747

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Abstract

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Objective Shortages in the speciality nursing workforce, both nationally and internationally are driving the need for the development of an evidence-based model to inform recruitment and retention into speciality nursing practice. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing rapid and early career transition into speciality nursing practice. Methods A comprehensive systematic review of the literature was undertaken using a convergent qualitative synthesis design where results from qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies were transformed into qualitative findings. Databases included CINAHL, Medline, Scopus and PsycINFO. Search terms were: nurse, early career, rapid career, transition, specialty, and Medical Subject Heading terms included: professional development and educational, nursing, and continuing. Using validated tools, papers were independently assessed by a minimum of two reviewers. Results Twenty-three research articles were included. There were no randomized control trials. Through thematic analysis and matrix mapping of the results, the TRANSPEC model was developed. The model outlines three phases of transition: pre-entry, incomer and insider. There has been little focus on pre-entry with programs being designed at the incomer and insider phases. Impacting on these phases are three concepts: the self (professional and personal), the transition processes (informal and formal) and a sense of belonging. The overarching theme influencing the phases and concepts is the context of practice. Enablers and inhibitors influence successful transition and therefore impact on recruitment and retention. Each nurse’s transition is influenced by time. Conclusions For successful transition, the enablers and inhibitors impacting on the three concepts, phases and the context of practice need to be considered when developing any program. It is apparent that while previous studies have focused on the transition processes, such as curricula, the development of the self and a sense of belonging are also essential to successful transition. Further studies should include the pre-entry phase.

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Title: From incomer to insider: The development of the TRANSPEC model - A systematic review of the factors influencing the effective rapid and early career TRANsition to a nursing SPECiality in differing contexts of practice
Creators: Desley Hegney - Central Queensland University
Diane Chamberlain - Flinders University
Clare Harvey - Central Queensland University
Agnieszka Sobolewska - Central Queensland University
Bruce Knight - Central Queensland University
Anne Garrahy - Queensland Health
Publication Details: PloS one, Vol.14(5), e0216121
Publisher: Public Library Science
Number of pages: 28
Grant note: HE2755 / Queensland Health
Identifiers: 991013098095902368
Copyright: © 2019 Hegney et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Academic Unit: Faculty of Education
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

From incomer to insider: The development of the TRANSPEC model - A systematic review of the factors influencing the effective rapid and early career TRANsition to a nursing SPECiality in differing contexts of practice

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