Journal article
From dawn 'til dusk: daytime progression regulates primary and secondary metabolism in Cannabis glandular trichomes
Journal of experimental botany, Vol.76(1), pp.134-151
01/01/2025
PMID: 38676643
Metrics
Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. glandular trichomes (GTs) synthesise large amounts of secondary metabolites, predominantly cannabinoids and terpenoids. The associated demand for carbon and energy makes GTs strong sink tissues with indications that their secondary metabolism is coupled to the availability of photoassimilates. Many metabolites show diurnal patterns of flux, but it is unknown whether cannabinoids and terpenoids are regulated by time of day. We quantified cannabinoids, terpenoids and the GT proteome over a 12-hour light period in flowers of Hindu Kush, a high-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cultivar. Major cannabinoids changed significantly over the course of day, resulting in an increase in total measured cannabinoids. Major terpenoids also changed, with sesquiterpenes generally decreasing with day progression. While monoterpenes generally did not decrease, the second most abundant, α-pinene, increased. The GT proteome changed the most within the first six hours of the day and analysis of differentially abundant proteins indicated upregulation of primary metabolism. Surprisingly, key cannabinoid biosynthetic enzymes decreased with daytime progression despite increases in cannabinoid content, which indicate that daytime increases of photoassimilates are the main driver of cannabinoid regulation. This first reporting of variability of cannabinoid and terpenoid biosynthesis over the course of the day has implications for Cannabis research and production.
Details
- Title
- From dawn 'til dusk: daytime progression regulates primary and secondary metabolism in Cannabis glandular trichomes
- Creators
- Nicolas Dimopoulos - Southern Cross UniversityQi Guo - Southern Cross UniversitySarah Jane Purdy - NSW Department of Primary IndustriesMatthew Nolan - Southern Cross UniversityRazlin Azman Halimi - Southern Cross UniversityJos Cornelis Mieog - Southern Cross UniversityBronwyn J Barkla - Southern Cross UniversityTobias Kretzschmar - Southern Cross University
- Publication Details
- Journal of experimental botany, Vol.76(1), pp.134-151
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press
- Grant note
- Australian Government via the Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources
- Identifiers
- 991013183713702368
- Copyright
- © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. All rights reserved.
- Academic Unit
- Southern Cross Analytical Research Services; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article