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Evolutionary Relationships and Range Evolution of Greenhood Orchids (Subtribe Pterostylidinae)5.62 MB
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open
Journal article
Evolutionary Relationships and Range Evolution of Greenhood Orchids (Subtribe Pterostylidinae): Insights From Plastid Phylogenomics
Frontiers in plant science, Vol.13, pp.1-17
29/06/2022
PMID: 35845679
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Abstract
Australia harbours a rich and highly endemic orchid flora with over 90% of native species found nowhere else. However, little is known about the assembly and evolution of Australia's orchid flora. Here, we used a phylogenomic approach to infer evolutionary relationships, divergence times and range evolution in Pterostylidinae (Orchidoideae), the second largest subtribe in the Australian orchid flora, comprising the genera Pterostylis and Achlydosa. Phylogenetic analysis of 75 plastid genes provided well-resolved and supported phylogenies. Intrageneric relationships in Pterostylis were clarified and monophyly of eight of 10 sections supported. Achlydosa was found to not form part of Pterostylidinae and instead merits recognition at subtribal level, as Achlydosinae. Pterostylidinae were inferred to have originated in eastern Australia in the early Oligocene, coinciding with the complete separation of Australia from Antarctica and the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, which led to profound changes in the world's climate. Divergence of all major lineages occurred during the Miocene, accompanied by increased aridification and seasonality of the Australian continent, resulting in strong vegetational changes from rainforest to more open sclerophyllous vegetation. The majority of extant species were inferred to have originated in the Quaternary, from the Pleistocene onwards. The rapid climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene may have acted as important driver of speciation in Pterostylidinae. The subtribe underwent lineage diversification mainly within its ancestral range, in eastern Australia. Long-distance dispersals to southwest Australia commenced from the late Miocene onwards, after the establishment of the Nullarbor Plain, which constitutes a strong edaphic barrier to mesic plants. Range expansions from the mesic into the arid zone of eastern Australia (Eremaean region) commenced from the early Pleistocene onwards. Extant distributions of Pterostylidinae in other Australasian regions, such as New Zealand and New Caledonia, are of more recent origin, resulting from long-distance dispersals from the Pliocene onwards. Temperate eastern Australia was identified as key source area for dispersals to other Australasian regions.
Details
- Title
- Evolutionary Relationships and Range Evolution of Greenhood Orchids (Subtribe Pterostylidinae): Insights From Plastid Phylogenomics
- Creators
- Katharina Nargar - James Cook UniversityKate O'Hara - James Cook UniversityAllison Mertin - James Cook UniversityStephen J. Bent - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research OrganisationLars Nauheimer - James Cook UniversityLalita Simpson - James Cook UniversityHeidi Zimmer - Centre for Australian National Biodiversity ResearchBrian P. J. Molloy - Manaaki Whenua – Landcare ResearchMark A. Clements - Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in plant science, Vol.13, pp.1-17
- Publisher
- Frontiers Research Foundation
- Number of pages
- 17
- Grant note
- NTRGP BBR210-34 / Australian Biological Resources Study (Dept. of Agriculture, Water and Environment, Australian Government), 325.18 / Australian Orchid Foundation, National Research Collections Australia (CSIRO); Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australian Tropical Herbarium.
- Identifiers
- 991013266110702368
- Copyright
- © 2022 Nargar, O’Hara, Mertin, Bent, Nauheimer, Simpson, Zimmer, Molloy and Clements
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article