Journal article
Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) in lung cancer
Clinica chimica acta, Vol.579, pp.1-15
15/01/2026
PMID: 41176051
Appears in Recent Faculty of Health Publications
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Abstract
The predominant cause of cancer-related death worldwide is lung cancer. Poor survival rates are mainly due to late diagnosis due to the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers and analytical tools. In this review, we examine the use of cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) as potential biomarkers due to their increased expression in malignancy. For example, the diagnostic potential of New York esophageal squamous cell carcinoma 1 (NY-ESO-1) autoantibodies was low for sensitivity (48.3%) but higher for specificity (90.9%) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In contrast, A-kinase anchoring protein 4 (AKAP4) peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was 92.8% (sensitivity) and 92.6%, (specificity) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We assess existing knowledge regarding CTAs and compare their effectiveness vs other markers such as NY-ESO-1, melanoma-associated antigen A (MAGE-A), sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9), AKAP4, X antigen family member 1 (XAGE-1) and B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BCAP31). We also discuss the incorporation of CTA testing in lung cancer diagnostic workflows with focus on its analytical performance, preanalytical factors as well as comparative value vs existing markers. Finally, we outline the role of CTAs as companion diagnostics in immunotherapy and targeted treatment plans, and indicate the main challenges and research priorities towards the clinical translation of CTAs.
Details
- Title
- Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) in lung cancer
- Creators
- Chitrali Talele - KM Shah Dental College and HospitalChintan Aundhia - Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, IndiaDipali Talele - Geological Survey of IndiaNiyati Shah - Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, IndiaMamta Kumari - Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, IndiaSurya Nath Pandey - Teerthanker Mahaveer UniversityNardev Singh - Graphic Era UniversityGaurav Gupta - Chitkara UniversityMoayad Al Shahwan - Ajman UniversityKamal Dua - University of Technology Sydney
- Publication Details
- Clinica chimica acta, Vol.579, pp.1-15
- Publisher
- Elsevier B.V.
- Identifiers
- 991013376650402368
- Academic Unit
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine; Faculty of Health
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article