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Antimony(V) Incorporation into Schwertmannite: Critical Insights on Antimony Retention in Acidic Environments
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Antimony(V) Incorporation into Schwertmannite: Critical Insights on Antimony Retention in Acidic Environments

Mohammad Rastegari, Niloofar Karimian, Scott G Johnston, Steven J Doherty, Jessica L Hamilton, Girish Choppala, Mona Hosseinpour Moghaddam and Edward D Burton
Environmental science & technology
29/11/2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c07341
PMID: 36445713

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Abstract

antimonate EXAFS coprecipitation shell fitting wavelet transform diffraction dissolution extended x-ray absorption fine structure
This study examines incorporation of Sb(V) into schwertmannite─an Fe(III) oxyhydroxysulfate mineral that can be an important Sb host phase in acidic environments. Schwertmannite was synthesized from solutions containing a range of Sb(V)/Fe(III) ratios, and the resulting solids were investigated using geochemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), dissolution kinetic experiments, and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Shell-fitting and wavelet transform analyses of Sb K-edge EXAFS data, together with congruent Sb and Fe release during schwertmannite dissolution, indicate that schwertmannite incorporates Sb(V) via heterovalent substitution for Fe(III). Elemental analysis combined with XRD and Fe K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy shows that schwertmannite can incorporate Sb(V) via this mechanism at up to about 8 mol % substitution when formed from solutions having Sb/Fe ratios ≤0.04 (higher ratios inhibit schwertmannite formation). Incorporation of Sb(V) into schwertmannite involves formation of edge and double-corner sharing linkages between SbVO6 and FeIII(O,OH)6 octahedra which strongly stabilize schwertmannite against dissolution. This implies that Sb(V)-coprecipitated schwertmannite may represent a potential long-term sink for Sb in acidic environments.

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