Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms

Suthinee Sangkanu; Watcharapong Mitsuwan; Wilawan Mahabusarakam; Tajudeen O. Jimoh; Polrat Wilairatana; Ana Paula Girol; Ajoy K. Verma; Maria de Lourdes Pereira; Mohammed Rahmatullah; Christophe Wiart; Abolghasem Siyadatpanah; Roghayeh Norouzi; Polydor Ngoy Mutombo; Veeranoot Nissapatorn

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-87381-x

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Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms

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Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms

Suthinee Sangkanu, Watcharapong Mitsuwan, Wilawan Mahabusarakam, Tajudeen O. Jimoh, Polrat Wilairatana, Ana Paula Girol, Ajoy K. Verma, Maria de Lourdes Pereira, Mohammed Rahmatullah, Christophe Wiart, …

Scientific reports, Vol.11, pp.1-11

13/04/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87381-x

PMID: 33850179

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Abstract

Diseases

Drug discovery

Health care

Pathogenesis

Plant sciences

Acanthamoeba spp. can cause amoebic keratitis (AK). Chlorhexidine is effective for AK treatment as monotherapy, but with a relative failure on drug bioavailability in the deep corneal stroma. The combination of chlorhexidine and propamidine isethionate is recommended in the current AK treatment. However, the effectiveness of treatment depends on the parasite and virulence strains. This study aims to determine the potential of Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract and α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis, as well as the combination with chlorhexidine in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extract and α-mangostin were assessed in trophozoites with 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL, for cysts with 4 and 1 mg/mL, respectively. The MIC of the extract and α-mangostin inhibited the growth of A. triangularis trophozoites and cysts for up to 72 h. The extract and α-mangostin combined with chlorhexidine demonstrated good synergism, resulting in a reduction of 1/4–1/16 of the MIC. The SEM results showed that Acanthamoeba cells treated with a single drug and its combination caused damage to the cell membrane and irregular cell shapes. A good combination displayed by the extract or α-mangostin and chlorhexidine, described for the first time. Therefore, this approach is promising as an alternative method for the management of Acanthamoeba infection in the future.

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Title: Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms
Creators: Suthinee Sangkanu - Walailak University
Watcharapong Mitsuwan - Walailak University
Wilawan Mahabusarakam - Prince of Songkla University
Tajudeen O. Jimoh - Chulalongkorn University
Polrat Wilairatana - Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
Ana Paula Girol - Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Ajoy K. Verma - Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases (NITRD), New Delhi, India.
Maria de Lourdes Pereira - University of Aveiro
Mohammed Rahmatullah - University of Development Alternative
Christophe Wiart - University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah - Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Roghayeh Norouzi - University of Tabriz
Polydor Ngoy Mutombo - Burnet Institute
Veeranoot Nissapatorn - Walailak University
Publication Details: Scientific reports, Vol.11, pp.1-11
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK
Identifiers: 991013035757802368
Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Academic Unit: National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

Anti-Acanthamoeba synergistic effect of chlorhexidine and Garcinia mangostana extract or α-mangostin against Acanthamoeba triangularis trophozoite and cyst forms

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