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An ecological perspective on what helps and hinders the well-being and role satisfaction of foster carers: A systematic scoping review
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

An ecological perspective on what helps and hinders the well-being and role satisfaction of foster carers: A systematic scoping review

Amy Miko, Lynne McPherson and Emily Hindman
Children and Youth Services Review, Vol.186, pp.1-16
07/2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2026.108993
Appears in  Recent Faculty of Health Publications
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Abstract

foster care well-being role satisfaction ecological theory scoping review
Foster carers play a pivotal role in caring for children who cannot reside with their biological parents. However, they also face unique challenges that shape their caring experience and overall well-being. In light of recruitment and retention issues, a systematic scoping review was conducted to explore factors that influence well-being outcomes and role satisfaction in foster carers. Peer-reviewed research articles were screened using PRISMA. Ultimately, sixty scholarly, peer-reviewed articles were included and examined using reflexive thematic analysis. Analysis was driven by social-ecological theory in acknowledgment of the significant relational and systemic influences on the fostering experience. Foster carer well-being and role satisfaction appear to be influenced by 1) individual traits, skills and experiences, 2) formal and informal relationships, 3) case management and agency processes and 4) systemic, legal and socio-cultural factors. The review highlights the complex interrelationship between foster carers, their community and the broader child welfare system. It emphasises the need for collaborative and trauma-informed approaches to supporting foster carers. These findings have implications for research as well as practice and policy development, given that, ultimately, positive outcomes for foster carers can have positive impacts on the children in their care.

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