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Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC V4.0, Open
Journal article
An approach for deriving water quality guideline values for antimicrobials that integrates ecotoxicity and antimicrobial resistance endpoints
Integrated environmental assessment and management, Vol.First online
27/11/2025
PMID: 41308172
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Abstract
Antimicrobials pose ecological risks in aquatic environments, particularly to cyanobacteria, aquatic plants and green algae, and with the potential to disrupt microbiomes upon which all biota rely. Beyond direct toxicity, these chemicals also contribute to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance, posing risks to human, animal (including wildlife) and plant crop health, particularly through wastewater discharges and water reuse. Despite these concerns, Australia and New Zealand currently lack environmental water quality guideline values for antimicrobials. Furthermore, existing guideline value derivation frameworks for this region do not consider environmental endpoints to protect against antimicrobial resistance. This study critically reviews international approaches to estimating antimicrobial hazards to identify possible improvements for use in Australia and New Zealand. Through a co-design process with stakeholders across the water sector, a method for deriving guideline values using species sensitivity distributions was developed that integrates both traditional toxicity and antimicrobial resistance endpoints. Critically, the approach includes microbiome data, essential for capturing the impacts of antimicrobials on complex aquatic microbial communities. A case study with ciprofloxacin demonstrated that combining microbiome and single-species data in species sensitivity distributions provides a scientifically robust and data-efficient approach for developing environmental guideline values for antimicrobials. The framework may also have applicability to other contaminants known to influence antimicrobial resistance, such as other pharmaceuticals, metals, pesticides and microplastics. We also identified critical gaps that remain barriers to implementing antimicrobial resistance-inclusive frameworks for deriving water quality guideline values applicable to Australia and New Zealand.
Details
- Title
- An approach for deriving water quality guideline values for antimicrobials that integrates ecotoxicity and antimicrobial resistance endpoints
- Creators
- Monique T Binet - CSIRO Health and BiosecurityGraeme E Batley - Environmental Contaminants Research (Australia)Jenny L Stauber - La Trobe UniversityAnu Kumar - CSIRO EnvironmentHsuan-Cheng Lu - Griffith University (Australia, Gold Coast)Nicholas J Ashbolt - The University of Adelaide
- Publication Details
- Integrated environmental assessment and management, Vol.First online
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press; OXFORD
- Grant note
- This work was supported by the Solving Antimicrobial Resistance in Agribusiness, Food and Environments Cooperative Research Centre (SAAFECRC) Kickstart Project K016, which received contributions from CSIRO Minimising AMR Mission and SAAFECRC. SAAFECRC receives funding from the Australian Commonwealth government through the Cooperative Research Centre program along with partner organizations. This is SAAFE CRC Publication number K016_PB001.
- Identifiers
- 991013332328002368
- Copyright
- © The Author(s) 2025.
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article