Logo image
A prompt technique to identify fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) residue in the environments
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

A prompt technique to identify fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) residue in the environments

Nahin Mostofa Niloy, Fahmida Parvin and Shafi M. Tareq
MethodsX, Vol.14, pp.1-6
06/2025
PMID: 40236802
pdf
A prompt technique to identify fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs)1.80 MBDownloadView
Published (Version of record) Open CC BY V4.0
url
A prompt technique to identify fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs)View
Published (Version of record) Open CC BY V4.0

Related links

Metrics

1 Record Views

Abstract

Excitation-emission Matrix (EEM) Fluorescence spectroscopy Fluoroquinolone antibiotics Humic substance PARAFAC model
The widely used fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics have become emerging contaminants due to their unconstrained usage. A prompt, straightforward, précised, and advanced technique named fluorescence spectroscopy was applied to characterize and semi-quantify FQs. However, excitation wavelengths on the comparable ranges of FQs and ubiquitous humic substance (HS) complicate their identification in the mixture. This study develops a simple spectral technique that affirms the individual identification of FQs and HS in the natural environment. The following characteristics and methods can demonstrate the traces of FQs in the environment- • Presence of fluorophore at Excitation/Emission = 225–230/285–295 nm wavelength in excitation-emission matrix (EEM) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) models. • FQs and HS have fluorophores at excitation wavelengths of 275 nm and 325 nm in PARAFAC analysis. Unlike HS, the notable spectral presence in <350 nm emission during 275 nm excitation in FQs ensures their distinct identification in the mixture. • FQ affirming component intensity at Excitation/Emission = 225–230/285–295 nm and the intensity <350 nm emission during 275 nm excitation are considered in conjunction to quantify the amount of least FQ in any environmental sample.

Details

Logo image