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Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY V4.0, Open
Journal article
A new member of the genus Antarctonemertes (Hoplonemertea, Nemertea) from Antarctic waters
Polar Biology, Vol.41(7), pp.1463-1473
07/2018
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Abstract
The phylum Nemertea is an important component of the benthic ecosystems of the Southern Ocean, but its biodiversity is still relatively poorly known in Antarctic waters. There are few common and well-known nemertean species occurring in the shallow Antarctic waters, and these include the congeneric Antarctonemertes valida (Bürger, 1893) and Antarctonemertes riesgoae Taboada et al., 2013, two relatively small brooding hoplonemerteans whose females lay eggs inside cocoons. A third Antarctic member of the genus, Antarctonemertes belgica (Bürger, 1904), was reported only in the original description. Here we document the existence of a fourth Antarctic member of the genus Antarctonemertes originally described as Tetrastemma unilineatum Joubin, 1910. Our phylogenetic analysis resulted into the placement of the new Antarctonemertes in a robustly supported clade –Antarctic Antarctonemertes– containing the other two congeneric Antarctic species (A. valida and A. riesgoae), and pairwise COI molecular distances between the three species ranged from 5.2 to 6.2% (p distance). The analysis of 104 COI sequences of the three species showed star-like haplotype networks, as in other studies on Antarctic invertebrates. Antarctonemertes unilineata comb. nov. is similar in shape to its Antarctic congeneric relatives and its most prominent morphological character is a dorsal mid-longitudinal band present along the body. We also document the presence of a cocoon built by females of A. unilineata comb. nov., a character shared with its Antarctic congeners analysed here. Although the four Antarctic Antarctonemertes species appear to overlap their distribution, A. riesgoae, A. valida and A. belgica appear in sympatry in the West Antarctic shores while A. unilineata comb. nov. has been mainly found in the East Antarctic shores and sub-Antarctic Islands.
Details
- Title
- A new member of the genus Antarctonemertes (Hoplonemertea, Nemertea) from Antarctic waters
- Creators
- Sergi Taboada - Natural History MuseumCarlos Leiva - Universitat de BarcelonaJuan Junoy - Universidad de AlcaláFrances Alexander - Southern Cross UniversityAna Riesgo - Natural History Museum
- Publication Details
- Polar Biology, Vol.41(7), pp.1463-1473
- Publisher
- Springer; Berlin/Heidelberg
- Grant note
- CTM2013-42667/ANT / DISTANTCOM project Project 4142 / Australian Antarctic Science Grant Departmental Collaboration Grants Program NHM Departmental Internal Funds
- Identifiers
- 991012926985602368
- Copyright
- © The Author(s) 2018. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Science and Engineering; Marine Ecology Research Centre; Science
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article