A new dynamic service span-based energy comparison LEACH for achieving expected WSNs lifetime

To prolong the lifetime of a sensor node in homogeneous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) current research works including low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and its variants, propose clustering techniques for minimising energy consumption. This is (primarily) achieved by turning deployed nodes into sleeping mode whenever possible. These schemes however, have a number of limitations. Firstly, they fail to estimate the expected lifetime of a WSN. Secondly, the round time estimated is fixed and that cannot be adapted in changing scenarios that may occur due to elapsing energy and/or the premature death of cluster heads. Finally, the existing schemes do not consider either the remaining energy or the reduced number of clusters in estimating the probability of being a cluster head for a node. These limitations eventually result in energy wastage and information loss. To address these issues and to form a more robust enhanced LEACH, this paper proposes a novel dynamic round time-based energy probabilistic LEACH. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the proposed scheme over the existing LEACH and its variants.