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Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open Access
Published (Version of record)CC BY-NC-ND V4.0, Open
Journal article
4-Aminoquinoline compounds from the Spanish flu to COVID-19
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, Vol.135, pp.1-9
03/2021
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Abstract
In 1918, quinine was used as one of the unscientifically based treatments against the H1N1 virus during the Spanish flu pandemic. Originally, quinine was extracted from the bark of Chinchona trees by South American natives of the Amazon forest, and it has been used to treat fever since the seventeenth century. The recent COVID-19 pandemic caused by Sars-Cov-2 infection has forced researchers to search for ways to prevent and treat this disease. Based on the antiviral potential of two 4-aminoquinoline compounds derived from quinine, known as chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), clinical investigations for treating COVID-19 are being conducted worldwide. However, there are some discrepancies among the clinical trial outcomes.Thus, even after one hundred years of quinine use during the Spanish flu pandemic, the antiviral properties promoted by 4-aminoquinoline compounds remain unclear. The underlying molecular mechanisms by which CQ and HCQ inhibit viral replication open up the possibility of developing novel analogs of these drugs to combat COVID-19 and other viruses.
Details
- Title
- 4-Aminoquinoline compounds from the Spanish flu to COVID-19
- Creators
- Vinicius Cruzat - Southern Cross University, Faculty of Health
- Publication Details
- Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy, Vol.135, pp.1-9
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Grant note
- The authors acknowledge grants from Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil, grant IDs 2019/25936-5 and 2018/09868-7), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil, grant ID 88881.068515/2014-01), National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil, grant ID 303753/2015-3), Guggenheim Foundation (GF, USA, grant ID John Simon Fellow 2008), and Pro-Rectory of Post-Graduate and Research of the Cruzeiro do Sul University (PRPGP/Cruzeiro do Sul, Brazil, grant ID 2020).
- Identifiers
- 991013071413302368
- Copyright
- © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
- Academic Unit
- Faculty of Health
- Language
- English
- Resource Type
- Journal article