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11: Co-creation
Encyclopedia entry

11: Co-creation

Laura Ripoll Gonzalez and Jasper Eshuis
Elgar Encyclopedia of City and Place Branding, pp.44-49
Edward Elgar Publishing
10/06/2025

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Abstract

Co-creation Place Branding City Branding Citizen Participation Co-Destruction
Place branding is increasingly used as a governance tool to appeal to the emotions of place actors to create positive images and to enhance their support for associated place development policies. However, place identities, at the heart of place brands, are complex and dynamic entities whose meanings are constantly co-created in the interactions among place actors. Scholars argue that greater engagement of place actors will increase their identification with the brand, the perceived legitimacy of the branding process and their willingness to support and communicate the brand to others. Hence, developing place brands requires active management of a network of actors that co-create place brands in their everyday communicative interactions. This entry explores place brand co-creation as the joint creation of symbols and meaning by several place actors at all stages of the place branding process, from decision making to implementation.

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