Freshwater systems and tourism

This chapter uses inter-disciplinary perspectives to review some of the key research trends and issues concerning tourism at freshwater locations. It draws on a model the authors have adapted from Stolk's (2010) study of scuba diving on Australian artificial reefs. The adapted model usefully highlights factors contributing to, and significant outcomes from, the development and use of freshwater systems for tourism. After a general introduction and brief discussion of necessarily selective contributing factors and outcomes presented in the model, we focus on case studies of two particular types of freshwater systems. The first case study examines recreational use of and access to streams in England and Wales, highlighting the complexity of freshwater management and ownership systems. The second case study focuses on recreational use of caves and sinkholes, highlighting the fragility of these sensitive ecosystems. The conclusion briefly summarises the chapter and describes opportunities for further research.